primary, secondary, substantive and not substantive evidences

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EVIDENCE

Original evidence is also called as primary evidence.Rules and regulations of Section 62 of the Indian evidence act - the statute- defines: “primary evidence means the document itself produced for the inspection of the court”. The original registered sale deed is produced before the court to declare the purchaser of the land to be the real owner. Here the registered sale deed is the original evidence/primary evidence.

Unoriginal evidence is also called as the secondary evidence. Section 63 of the evidence act defines “secondary evidence”. Unoriginal evidence /secondary evidence is that the certified copy of the original sale deed taken from the competent authority. Eg; The certified copy of the sale deed taken from the sub registrar’s office.

SUBSTANTIVE AND NOT SUBSTANTIVE EVIDENCE.

Substantive evidence pertains about the rights and duties, and this evidence is reliable for the decision of the court. It corroborates with other evidence.

Non substantive evidence either corroborates the substantive evidence to increase its credibility or which contracts a substantive to discredit it.